The Development of the Canon of the New Testament

Gospel of the Twelve (east of Jordan, 100-150 CE)

Nothing from the Gospel of the Twelve (Apostles) survives to us. The book is mentioned by Origen, Ambrose, Jerome, Philip of Side, Venerable Bede, and Theophylactus.

The majority of critics today are inclined to identify it with the Gospel of the Ebionites, of which fragments quoted by Epiphanius survive. This Gospel is of the synoptic type and was probably written in the 1st half of the 2nd century in the region east of Jordan. For discussion see [Schneemelcher] v. 1 pp. 166 and 374.